【Linux】Nginx安装

发表于 更新于

安装

下载包体

网站：nginx: download

上传解压

tar -zxvf nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz

编译

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

make

make install

在执行./configure时如果出现报错缺少对应的模块，则安装对应的模块，详情可见最后的常见问题

  1. 缺少PCRE，安装命令：sudo apt install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev

  2. 缺少SpenSSL，安装命令：sudo apt install libssl-dev

环境配置

设置快捷键

ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/bin/nginx

这样执行/usr/bin/nginx就相当于执行了/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

而/usr/bin/是全局可用的，所以在任何地方输入nginx都可以执行/usr/lcoal/nginx/sbin/nginx

使用下面命令实时查看log更新

1
less +F access.log

常见问题

  1. 需要安装PCRE开发库

    1
    2
    3
    4
    ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
    You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
    option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
    statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=<path> option.

    解决方案:

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    # Ubuntu/Debian
    sudo apt update
    sudo apt install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev

    # CentOS/RHEL/Fedora
    sudo yum install pcre pcre-devel
    # 或
    sudo dnf install pcre pcre-devel

  2. 需要安装OpenSSL开发库

    1
    2
    3
    4
    ./configure: error: SSL modules require the OpenSSL library.
    You can either do not enable the modules, or install the OpenSSL library
    into the system, or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source
    with nginx by using --with-openssl=<path> option.

    解决方案:

    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
    6
    7
    8
    # Ubuntu/Debian
    sudo apt update
    sudo apt install libssl-dev

    # CentOS/RHEL/Fedora
    sudo yum install openssl openssl-devel
    # 或
    sudo dnf install openssl openssl-devel

  3. 如果在访问不了网站，并且error.log出现权限不足（Permission denied）的问题，需要从两个地方排查

    • 在启动nginx时需要用root权限sudo nginx
    • 配置文件中的#user nobody;改为user ubuntu。去掉#，将ubuntu改为当前用户名